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Topographic maps
Click on a map to view its topography, its elevation and its terrain.
![England topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/31m2/lgjb3/icon.jpg)
England
England's topography is characterized by a diverse landscape that transitions from low-lying plains to rugged uplands. In the north and west, the terrain is dominated by mountain ranges such as the Pennines, often referred to as the "backbone of England," and the Lake District, which includes Scafell Pike, the…
Average elevation: 55 m
![United Kingdom topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/lzf3/sjhs8/icon.jpg)
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom (UK) boasts a diverse topography, ranging from rugged highlands to gentle lowlands. In Scotland, the Highlands dominate the northern and western regions, featuring mountainous terrains with peaks like Ben Nevis, the UK's highest point at 1,345 meters (4,413 feet). The Central Lowlands,…
Average elevation: 42 m
![Europe topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/kt57/9jt3p5k/icon.jpg)
Europe
Europe's topography is characterized by a striking contrast between its rugged southern mountains and the expansive plains of the north. The continent is often described as a "peninsula of peninsulas," featuring major peninsulas like the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan, each with unique geological features. In…
Average elevation: 223 m
![Turkey topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/fz9m/kdnb3/icon.jpg)
Turkey
Turkey's topography is a diverse tapestry of mountains, plateaus, and coastal plains that create a strikingly varied landscape. The country is predominantly characterized by the Anatolian Plateau, a semi-arid highland that stretches across central Turkey, with elevations ranging from 700 to 2,000 meters. This…
Average elevation: 487 m
![United States topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/s651/d349m/icon.jpg)
United States
The topography of the United States is characterized by diverse and dynamic landscapes that vary widely across the country. In the east, rolling hills and low mountains transition into the Appalachian Mountains, featuring peaks that generally reach around 6,000 feet (1,829 meters). Moving westward, the terrain…
Average elevation: 309 m
![Ukraine topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/k4s/mxb1h/icon.jpg)
Ukraine
Ukraine's topography is characterized by a striking contrast of features across its vast landscape. The country predominantly consists of fertile plains and steppes, especially in the central and southern regions, where elevations typically range from sea level to around 600 meters (1,969 feet) above sea…
Average elevation: 183 m
![Florida topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/6qtf/91v3l/icon.jpg)
Florida
Florida's topography is characterized by its predominantly flat landscape, with the highest elevation being Britton Hill at just 345 feet (105 meters) above sea level, making it the lowest high point of any U.S. state. The state is primarily divided into three physiographic regions: the Atlantic Coastal Plain,…
Average elevation: 6 m
![India topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/wnt6/vtrnx/icon.jpg)
India
India's topography is a tapestry of diverse terrains, each contributing to the country's unique geographical identity. In the north, the majestic Himalayas form a formidable barrier, with towering peaks like Kangchenjunga reaching elevations of 8,586 meters (28,169 feet), making it the highest point in India.…
Average elevation: 1,017 m
![Israel topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/f2s8/ssgz18/icon.jpg)
Israel
Israel's topography is strikingly diverse, encompassing a variety of landscapes within its relatively small area of approximately 8,522 square miles (22,072 Km²). The coastal plain stretches along the Mediterranean Sea, characterized by sandy shores and fertile land that supports extensive agriculture,…
Average elevation: 410 m
![Romania topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/j51/wml5k/icon.jpg)
Romania
Romania's topography is a harmonious blend of mountains, hills, and plains, each contributing to the country's diverse landscape. The country is divided into several distinct geographical regions: the Carpathian Mountains, the Transylvanian Plateau, the Moldavian Plateau, and the Danube River Basin. The…
Average elevation: 355 m
![Chennai topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/5n57/mw9dnh/icon.jpg)
Chennai
India > Tamil Nadu > Chennai
Chennai is located on the south–eastern coast of India in the north–eastern part of Tamil Nadu on a flat coastal plain known as the Eastern Coastal Plains. Its average elevation is around 6.7 metres (22 ft), and its highest point is 60 m (200 ft). Chennai is 2,184 kilometres (1,357 mi) south of Delhi,…
Average elevation: 8 m
![Bengaluru topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/p1dn/5klckl/icon.jpg)
Bengaluru
India > Karnataka > Bangalore North
Bengaluru (formerly Bangalore) is situated in the southeastern part of Karnataka, India, within the Bengaluru Urban district. It lies at an elevation of approximately 900 meters (3,000 feet) above sea level, on the Deccan Plateau. This elevated position gives the city a moderate climate, with temperatures…
Average elevation: 886 m
![Greece topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/4zgp/4qxm2/icon.jpg)
Greece
Greece's topography is predominantly mountainous, with approximately 80% of its terrain consisting of mountains or hills, making it one of the most mountainous countries in Europe. The Pindus mountain range, often referred to as the "spine of Greece," runs through the center of the mainland from northwest to…
Average elevation: 170 m
![Scotland topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/zk57/pdkdn/icon.jpg)
Scotland
Scotland's topography is a tapestry of rugged mountains, rolling hills, and expansive coastlines. The Highlands, occupying the northern and western regions, are characterized by towering peaks such as Ben Nevis, the UK's highest at 1,345 meters, and deep glens carved by ancient glaciers. The Grampian…
Average elevation: 36 m
![Germany topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/ft3l/sl6s8/icon.jpg)
Germany
Germany's topography is remarkably diverse, showcasing a blend of lowlands, uplands, and mountainous regions. In the north, the North German Plain extends across vast stretches of flat, fertile land, which supports extensive agriculture, particularly wheat and dairy farming. This area is characterized by…
Average elevation: 237 m
![Texas topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/dq18/3z71h/icon.jpg)
Texas
With 10 climatic regions, 14 soil regions and 11 distinct ecological regions, regional classification becomes problematic with differences in soils, topography, geology, rainfall, and plant and animal communities. One classification system divides Texas, in order from southeast to west, into the following:…
Average elevation: 518 m
![Dubai topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/skm2/5z4m5k/icon.jpg)
Dubai
Dubai lies directly within the Arabian Desert. However, the topography of Dubai is significantly different from that of the southern portion of the UAE in that much of Dubai's landscape is highlighted by sandy desert patterns, while gravel deserts dominate much of the southern region of the country. The sand…
Average elevation: 64 m
![Australia topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/t57/dxv4s/icon.jpg)
Australia
Average elevation: 35 m
![France topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/4ggp/9952t6/icon.jpg)
France
Metropolitan France has a wide variety of topographical sets and natural landscapes. Large parts of the current territory of France were raised during several tectonic episodes like the Hercynian uplift in the Paleozoic Era, during which the Armorican Massif, the Massif Central, the Morvan, the Vosges and…
Average elevation: 430 m
![Netherlands topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/6f1h/pvrmt/icon.jpg)
Netherlands
Netherlands literally means "lower countries" in reference to its low elevation and flat topography, with only about 50% of its land exceeding 1 m (3.3 ft) above sea level, and nearly 26% falling below sea level. Most of the areas below sea level, known as polders, are the result of land reclamation that began…
Average elevation: 251 m
![Poland topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/36rr/zqctj/icon.jpg)
Poland
The native Polish name for Poland is Polska. The name is derived from the Polans, a West Slavic tribe who inhabited the Warta River basin of present-day Greater Poland region (6th–8th century CE). The tribe's name stems from the Proto-Slavic noun pole meaning field, which in-itself originates from the…
Average elevation: 194 m
![Istanbul topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/w718/83r4hknh/icon.jpg)
Istanbul
Because of its hilly topography and maritime influences, Istanbul exhibits a multitude of distinct microclimates. Within the city, rainfall varies widely owing to the rain shadow of the hills in Istanbul, from around 600 millimeters (24 in) on the southern fringe at Florya to 1,200 millimeters (47 in) on the…
Average elevation: 57 m
![New York topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/b6t6/wxktf/icon.jpg)
New York
The city's land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along the waterfronts since Dutch colonial times; reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan, with developments such as Battery Park City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the natural relief in…
Average elevation: 19 m
![Sweden topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/cptj/g5fnx/icon.jpg)
Sweden
Sweden's topography is a diverse tapestry shaped by ancient geological processes and glacial activity. In the west, the Scandinavian Mountains form a natural border with Norway, featuring peaks like Kebnekaise, the country's highest point at approximately 2,097 meters. Moving eastward, the terrain transitions…
Average elevation: 163 m
![Pennsylvania topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/s518/s5ztp/icon.jpg)
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania's diverse topography also produces a variety of climates, though the entire state experiences cold winters and humid summers. Straddling two major zones, the majority of the state, except for the southeastern corner, has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). The…
Average elevation: 340 m
![Michigan topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/gst6/kpd4s/icon.jpg)
Michigan
The heavily forested Upper Peninsula is relatively mountainous in the west. The Porcupine Mountains, which are part of one of the oldest mountain chains in the world, rise to an altitude of almost 2,000 feet (610 m) above sea level and form the watershed between the streams flowing into Lake Superior and Lake…
Average elevation: 259 m
![Japan topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/nb51/n4p5k/icon.jpg)
Japan
Average elevation: 58 m
![Indonesia topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/sj1h/xgkz4/icon.jpg)
Indonesia
Average elevation: 81 m
![Spain topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/kt57/mv2dz4/icon.jpg)
Spain
Mainland Spain is a rather mountainous landmass, dominated by high plateaus and mountain chains. After the Pyrenees, the main mountain ranges are the Cordillera Cantábrica (Cantabrian Range), Sistema Ibérico (Iberian System), Sistema Central (Central System), Montes de Toledo, Sierra Morena and the Sistema…
Average elevation: 331 m
![China topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/f3l/svnm2/icon.jpg)
China
Average elevation: 901 m
![Africa topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/974s/78bpst6/icon.jpg)
Africa
Average elevation: 462 m
![Vietnam topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/krnh/x9c5k/icon.jpg)
Vietnam
Due to differences in latitude and the marked variety in topographical relief, Vietnam's climate tends to vary considerably for each region. Vietnam is a country located in the tropics, however Northern Vietnam, including Hanoi, is considered a subtropical region by Köppen climate classification. During the…
Average elevation: 173 m
![Colorado topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/kjt6/k2c4s/icon.jpg)
Colorado
Thirty days later on February 28, 1861, outgoing U.S. President James Buchanan signed an Act of Congress organizing the free Territory of Colorado. The original boundaries of Colorado remain unchanged except for government survey amendments. The name Colorado was chosen because it was commonly believed that…
Average elevation: 2,060 m
![Denmark topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/pgt/s3518/icon.jpg)
Denmark
Spanning a total area of 42,943 km2 (16,580 sq mi), it consists of the peninsula of Jutland and an archipelago of 443 named islands, of which the largest are Zealand, Funen and the North Jutlandic Island. Denmark's geography is characterised by flat, arable land, sandy coasts, low elevation, and a temperate…
Average elevation: 30 m
![North America topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/76s8/42fqv1h/icon.jpg)
North America
Average elevation: 294 m
![Saudi Arabia topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/wszs/wq29m/icon.jpg)
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia's diverse geography is dominated by the Arabian Desert, associated semi-desert, shrubland, steppes, several mountain ranges, volcanic lava fields and highlands. The 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq mi) Rub' al Khali ("Empty Quarter") in the southeastern part of the country is the world's largest contiguous…
Average elevation: 551 m
![Italy topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/l61h/2dzt6/icon.jpg)
Italy
Conditions on the coast are different from those in the interior, particularly during winter months when the higher altitudes tend to be cold, wet, and often snowy. The coastal regions have mild winters and hot and generally dry summers; lowland valleys are hot in summer. Average winter temperatures vary from…
Average elevation: 293 m
![Thailand topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/sb14/1m1wm2/icon.jpg)
Thailand
Thailand comprises several distinct geographic regions, partly corresponding to the provincial groups. The north of the country is the mountainous area of the Thai highlands, with the highest point being Doi Inthanon in the Thanon Thong Chai Range at 2,565 metres (8,415 ft) elevation. The northeast, Isan,…
Average elevation: 156 m
![Portugal topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/sxtp/kmdtp/icon.jpg)
Portugal
Despite the calamity and huge death toll, Lisbon suffered no epidemics and within less than one year was already being rebuilt. The new city centre of Lisbon was designed to resist subsequent earthquakes. Architectural models were built for tests, and the effects of an earthquake were simulated by having…
Average elevation: 268 m
![Tennessee topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/pmdn/gtct6/icon.jpg)
Tennessee
Tennessee has diverse terrain and landforms, and from east to west, contains a mix of cultural features characteristic of Appalachia, the Upland South, and the Deep South. The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau…
Average elevation: 233 m
![Houston topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/3km2/ln7ks8/icon.jpg)
Houston
United States > Texas > Harris County
Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, or swamps, and all are still visible in surrounding areas. Flat terrain and extensive greenfield development have combined to worsen flooding. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level, and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 150…
Average elevation: 25 m
![Ireland topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/p5dn/3j89m/icon.jpg)
Ireland
Ireland's topography is characterized by a central limestone plain, averaging about 75 meters (246 feet) above sea level, interspersed with numerous lakes, bogs, and low ridges. This plain is encircled by coastal mountains of varying geological compositions. In the southwest, the MacGillycuddy's Reeks,…
Average elevation: 44 m
![Melbourne topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/xwkl/68shs8/icon.jpg)
Melbourne
Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can include hail, squalls, and significant drops in temperature, but they often pass through very quickly with a rapid…
Average elevation: 185 m
![North Carolina topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/2x3q/b9jtf/icon.jpg)
North Carolina
North Carolina is defined by a wide range of elevations and landscapes. From west to east, North Carolina's elevation descends from the Appalachian Mountains to the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain. North Carolina's Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m) is the highest point in North America east of the…
Average elevation: 163 m
![Norway topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/dkdn/1df2m2/icon.jpg)
Norway
Little has been found dating from the early Iron Age (the last 500 years BC). The dead were cremated, and their graves contain few burial goods. During the first four centuries AD, the people of Norway were in contact with Roman-occupied Gaul. About 70 Roman bronze cauldrons, often used as burial urns, have…
Average elevation: 143 m
![California topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/fg14/nxxcz/icon.jpg)
California
California's mountains produce rain shadows on the eastern side, creating extensive deserts. The higher elevation deserts of eastern California have hot summers and cold winters, while the low deserts east of the Southern California mountains have hot summers and nearly frostless mild winters. Death Valley, a…
Average elevation: 929 m
![Washington topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/9z3l/9ppkl/icon.jpg)
Washington
Washington is the 18th-largest state, with an area of 71,362 square miles (184,830 km2), and the 13th-most populous state, with more than 7.7 million people. The majority of Washington's residents live in the Seattle metropolitan area, the center of transportation, business, and industry on Puget Sound, an…
Average elevation: 796 m
![Malta topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/pmrr/ghk14/icon.jpg)
Malta
Average elevation: 4 m
![New Jersey topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/dp18/g9q3l/icon.jpg)
New Jersey
High Point in Montague Township, Sussex County is the state's highest elevation at 1,803 feet (550 m) above sea level. The state's highest prominence is Kitty Ann Mountain in Morris County, rising 892 feet (272 m). The Palisades are a line of steep cliffs on the west side of the Hudson River in Bergen and…
Average elevation: 72 m
![Georgia topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/cp3q/6cq18/icon.jpg)
Georgia
Georgia is defined by a diversity of landscapes, flora, and fauna. The state's northernmost regions include the Blue Ridge Mountains, part of the larger Appalachian Mountain system. The Piedmont plateau extends from the foothills of the Blue Ridge south to the Fall Line, an escarpment to the Coastal Plain…
Average elevation: 136 m
![Vermont topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/8kl/h9smt/icon.jpg)
Vermont
The topography and climate make sections of Vermont subject to large-scale flooding. Incidents include the Great Vermont Flood of 1927, which killed 84 and damaged much of the state's infrastructure, the flood of 1973, which covered many of the state's roads in the southeast, and Tropical Storm Irene in 2011,…
Average elevation: 348 m
![Massachusetts topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/8j9m/z8gtj/icon.jpg)
Massachusetts
Despite its small size, Massachusetts features numerous topographically distinctive regions. The large coastal plain of the Atlantic Ocean in the eastern section of the state contains Greater Boston, along with most of the state's population, as well as the distinctive Cape Cod peninsula. To the west lies the…
Average elevation: 128 m
![Alabama topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/9q57/vdl3q/icon.jpg)
Alabama
Alabama is bordered by the states of Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama has coastline at the Gulf of Mexico, in the extreme southern edge of the state. The state ranges in elevation from sea level at Mobile Bay to more than 2,000 feet (610 m)…
Average elevation: 136 m
![Algeria topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/2pcz/mch51/icon.jpg)
Algeria
Average elevation: 511 m
![Edinburgh topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/hs3q/bpbgcz/icon.jpg)
Edinburgh
United Kingdom > Scotland > Edinburgh
Some have called Edinburgh the Athens of the North for a variety of reasons. The earliest comparison between the two cities showed that they had a similar topography, with the Castle Rock of Edinburgh performing a similar role to the Athenian Acropolis. Both of them had flatter, fertile agricultural land…
Average elevation: 104 m
![Finland topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/l4z4/8fw14/icon.jpg)
Finland
Much of the geography of Finland is a result of the Ice Age. The glaciers were thicker and lasted longer in Fennoscandia compared with the rest of Europe. The eroding effects have contributed to a mostly flat landscape in Finland, characterized by hills. However, in the northern regions, including areas…
Average elevation: 201 m
![East Java topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/bhtf/82tlgp/icon.jpg)
East Java
East Java has a tropical monsoon and savanna climate at lower elevation and subtropical at higher elevation. Compared with the western part of Java Island, East Java in general has less rainfall. Average rainfall is 1,900 mm per year, with a rainy season during the 100 days. The average temperature ranges…
Average elevation: 62 m
![Switzerland topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/84z4/83w14/icon.jpg)
Switzerland
Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau, and the Jura mountains on the west. The Alps are a mountain range running across the central and south of the…
Average elevation: 1,016 m
![Brazil topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/7lgp/6qttf/icon.jpg)
Brazil
Brazilian topography is also diverse and includes hills, mountains, plains, highlands, and scrublands. Much of the terrain lies between 200 meters (660 ft) and 800 meters (2,600 ft) in elevation. The main upland area occupies most of the southern half of the country. The northwestern parts of the plateau…
Average elevation: 368 m
![Wales topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/bl3l/sw5s8/icon.jpg)
Wales
Much of Wales' diverse landscape is mountainous, particularly in the north and central regions. The mountains were shaped during the last ice age, the Devensian glaciation. The highest mountains in Wales are in Snowdonia (Eryri), of which five are over 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The highest of these is Snowdon (Yr…
Average elevation: 99 m
![Utah topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/sx18/s5btp/icon.jpg)
Utah
Western Utah is mostly arid desert with a basin and range topography. Small mountain ranges and rugged terrain punctuate the landscape. The Bonneville Salt Flats are an exception, being comparatively flat as a result of once forming the bed of ancient Lake Bonneville. Great Salt Lake, Utah Lake, Sevier Lake,…
Average elevation: 1,876 m
![Kenya topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/rp3q/jdj5k/icon.jpg)
Kenya
Kenya's climate varies from tropical along the coast to temperate inland to arid in the north and northeast parts of the country. The area receives a great deal of sunshine every month. It is usually cool at night and early in the morning inland at higher elevations.
Average elevation: 717 m
![Belgium topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/h2mt/vt8m2/icon.jpg)
Belgium
Average elevation: 138 m
![Louisiana topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/dt18/g9j3l/icon.jpg)
Louisiana
The higher and contiguous hill lands of the north and northwestern part of the state have an area of more than 25,000 square miles (65,000 km2). They consist of prairie and woodlands. The elevations above sea level range from 10 feet (3 m) at the coast and swamp lands to 50–60 feet (15–18 m) at the prairie…
Average elevation: 39 m
![New South Wales topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/6n9m/d93czs/icon.jpg)
New South Wales
The climate in the southern half of the state is generally warm to hot in summer and cool in the winter. The seasons are more defined in the southern half of the state, especially as one moves inland towards South West Slopes, Central West and the Riverina region. The climate in the northeast region of the…
Average elevation: 154 m
![Iran topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/pqm2/bjcf3/icon.jpg)
Iran
Average elevation: 786 m
![Egypt topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/d1f3/nnf951/icon.jpg)
Egypt
Average elevation: 272 m
![Bahrain topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/b5kl/bb714/icon.jpg)
Bahrain
Average elevation: 6 m
![Paris topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/gmtf/gmtf/icon.jpg)
Paris
Paris in its early history had only the rivers Seine and Bièvre for water. From 1809, the Canal de l'Ourcq provided Paris with water from less-polluted rivers to the north-east of the capital. From 1857, the civil engineer Eugène Belgrand, under Napoleon III, oversaw the construction of a series of new…
Average elevation: 62 m
![United Arab Emirates topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/bxtf/5r8zs/icon.jpg)
United Arab Emirates
The climate of the UAE is subtropical-arid with hot summers and warm winters. The climate is categorized as desert climate. The hottest months are July and August, when average maximum temperatures reach above 45 °C (113 °F) on the coastal plain. In the Hajar Mountains, temperatures are considerably lower, a…
Average elevation: 85 m
![Boston topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/xhtf/d98q4s/icon.jpg)
Boston
United States > Massachusetts > Suffolk County
Boston has an area of 89.63 sq mi (232.1 km2)—48.4 sq mi (125.4 km2) (54%) of land and41.2 sq mi (106.7 km2) (46%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 ft (100 m) above sea…
Average elevation: 25 m
![New Orleans topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/1hrr/hlj51/icon.jpg)
New Orleans
United States > Louisiana > Orleans Parish
Founded in 1718 by French colonists, New Orleans was once the territorial capital of French Louisiana before becoming part of the United States in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. New Orleans in 1840 was the third most populous city in the United States, and it was the largest city in the American South from…
Average elevation: 1 m
![Costa Rica topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/lhdn/7rhgp/icon.jpg)
Costa Rica
Average elevation: 101 m
![South Carolina topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/r9tj/w7bzs/icon.jpg)
South Carolina
The Atlantic Coastal plain consists of sediments and sedimentary rocks that range in age from Cretaceous to Present. The terrain is relatively flat and the soil is composed predominantly of sand, silt, and clay. Areas with better drainage make excellent farmland, though some land is swampy. An unusual feature…
Average elevation: 85 m
![Long Island topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/kff3/t7tqrr/icon.jpg)
Long Island
The land to the south of this moraine to the South Shore is the outwash plain of the last glacier. One part of the outwash plain was known as the Hempstead Plains, and this land contained one of the few natural prairies to exist east of the Appalachian Mountains. The glaciers melted and receded to the north,…
Average elevation: 42 m
![Chongqing topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/xf18/2pgq6xrr/icon.jpg)
Chongqing
The central urban area of Chongqing, or Chongqing proper, is a city of unique features. Built on mountains and partially surrounded by the Yangtze and Jialing rivers, it is known as a "mountain city" and a "city on rivers". The night scene of the city is very illuminated, with millions of lights and their…
Average elevation: 318 m
![Illinois topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/6dkl/63nf3/icon.jpg)
Illinois
Though Illinois lies entirely in the Interior Plains, it does have some minor variation in its elevation. In extreme northwestern Illinois, the Driftless Area, a region of unglaciated and therefore higher and more rugged topography, occupies a small part of the state. Southern Illinois includes the hilly areas…
Average elevation: 213 m
![Tamil Nadu topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/97f3/mtsgp/icon.jpg)
Tamil Nadu
The annual rainfall of the state is about 945 mm (37.2 in) of which 48 per cent is through the northeast monsoon, and 32 per cent through the southwest monsoon. Since the state is entirely dependent on rains for recharging its water resources, monsoon failures lead to acute water scarcity and severe drought.…
Average elevation: 253 m
![Berlin topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/node/gm4s/rm17r5k/icon.jpg)
Berlin
Berlin straddles the banks of the River Spree, which flows into the River Havel (a tributary of the River Elbe) in the western borough of Spandau. Among the city's main topographical features are the many lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs formed by the Spree, Havel, and Dahme rivers (the largest…
Average elevation: 47 m
![Indiana topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/kxt6/k2b4s/icon.jpg)
Indiana
The average altitude of Indiana is about 760 feet (230 m) above sea level. The highest point in the state is Hoosier Hill in Wayne County at 1,257 feet (383 m) above sea level. The lowest point at 320 feet (98 m) above sea level is in Posey County, where the Wabash River meets the Ohio River. The resulting…
Average elevation: 226 m
![Mississippi topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/1mrr/bpn57/icon.jpg)
Mississippi
Mississippi is entirely composed of lowlands, the highest point being Woodall Mountain, at 807 ft (246 m) above sea level, in the northeastern part of the state. The lowest point is sea level at the Gulf Coast. The state's mean elevation is 300 ft (91 m) above sea level.
Average elevation: 74 m
![Maine topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/d6f3/szjs8/icon.jpg)
Maine
Geologists describe this type of landscape as a "drowned coast", where a rising sea level has invaded former land features, creating bays out of valleys and islands out of mountain tops. A rise in land elevation due to the melting of heavy glacier ice caused a slight rebounding effect of underlying rock; this…
Average elevation: 198 m
![Connecticut topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/fn14/nw1cz/icon.jpg)
Connecticut
Winters (December through mid-March) are generally cold from south to north in Connecticut. The coldest month (January) has average high temperatures ranging from 38 °F (3 °C) in the coastal lowlands to 33 °F (1 °C) in the inland and northern portions on the state. The lowest temperature recorded in…
Average elevation: 118 m
![Syria topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/scnh/d5214/icon.jpg)
Syria
Average elevation: 537 m
![Lebanon topographic map, elevation, terrain](/pub/maps/relation/tgrr/fbrnh/icon.jpg)
Lebanon
Average elevation: 638 m